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LSD, or lysergic acid diethylamide, is classified as a hallucinogen. This category includes substances that significantly alter perception, mood, and cognitive processes, often leading to visual and auditory hallucinations. Hallucinogens, including LSD, work primarily by affecting serotonin receptors in the brain, which can lead to profound changes in sensory experiences and awareness of surroundings.

Others, such as stimulants, opioids, and depressants, have different mechanisms of action and effects on the body and mind. Stimulants tend to increase alertness and energy levels, opioids are primarily used for pain relief and have sedative effects, and depressants typically slow down brain activity and can lead to relaxation or sedation. Understanding these classifications helps in recognizing the distinct effects and risks associated with different types of drugs.